Isla de Menorca is a Vino de la Tierra (VT) title covering the whole of Mallorca, the easternmost of Spain's Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean. The VT, sometimes called by its Catalan name, Illa de Menorca, was created in 2002.
Menorca is well known in Europe as an idyllic vacation spot and as a place of significant natural interest; much of the island's wildlife and habitat are protected as part of a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve. Evidence of wine on the Balearic Islands can be traced back to the Ancient Romans, and although far from famous, Menorcan wine has had its moments of glory; a large quantity was gifted to King James I of Aragon by local Moors (Muslims) in 1231 after he invaded the island. Centuries later, after the British took control, the population swelled, as did demand for wine, which was an important part of the local economy by the 18th Century. In the 19th Century, the island suffered from recession and vine diseases, leading to a slump in the industry and a fall in population.
Menorca's tiny wine industry is now enjoying a period of modernization, and the creation of the Isla de Menorca VT has spurred a renewed focus on the production of quality wine.
The topography of Menorca is fairly gentle; the highest point on the island is just 1175ft (358m), at Monte Toro in the center. The topsoil is made up of chalky brown earth, with a sandier composition closer to the coast. Subsoils comprise limestone, slate and sandstone. Unsurprisingly, the climate is Mediterranean, and temperatures average between 55F and 68F (13–20C) year-round. Rainfall is sufficient and averages 24 inches (610mm) annually, which is well retained thanks to the limestone content of the soil.
Reds wines made from Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon are most common here, although Monastrell, Tempranillo (known locally as Ull de Llebre) and Syrah are also authorized for use in Isla de Menorca VT wines. The reds are usually fruity, structured yet well rounded, with subtle hints of sweet spice. Some white wines are also produced, mostly from Chardonnay and Macabeo.
